CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYESTEM IN MAMMALS

Abstract

Renin is a proteolytic enzyme that is primarily produced by the juxtaglomerular cells of the
kidney that is encoded by the REN gene. Angiotensin (Ang) II is locally produced in the kidney.
The Angiotensin II is an active peptide and it constricts the blood vessels due to which blood
pressure increases. The renin-angiotensin system altogether acts as a hormonal system in
regulating the blood pressure and water or osmotic balance of the system. The renin-angiotensin
system in collaboration with aldosterone is known as the Renin-angiotensin aldosterone system
as it regulates various activities in the body and its function as a hormone system. There are
many clinical implications of the renin-angiotensin system, some of them are documented in this
review, that include controlling hypertension and stress, chronic kidney diseases, cardiovascular
diseases, central nervous system disorders and memory facilitation.