URINARY BIOMARKERS FOR EARLY DETECTION OF DIABETESAND DIABETIC RENAL COMPLICATIONS

Abstract

Diabetes is also associated with the development of renal complication such as chronic kidney
disease, Retinopathy and Diabetic Nephropathy. Although Albuminuria is widely being used as a
marker of Glomerular and Tubular damage and has attained the current gold status in diagnosis
but other biomarkers have been found that indicate renal damage prior to albuminuria and also
predict the progression of different stages of diabetes and progression of normoalbuminuria
toward microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria. This review gives an overview of Tubular
damage markers, Glomerular damage markers, Oxidative stress markers and Proteomic markers
that can be more specific and sensitive and act as early markers than Albumin.